Marines in World War II
Historical Monograph

Iwo Jima: Amphibious Epic

by Lt. Col. Whitman S. Bartley, USMC

Historical Section, Division of Public Information
Headquarters, U.S. Marine Corps
1954


Contents

Chapter Page
Foreword iii
Preface iv
Background 1
  Strategic Situation 1
  History 2
  Geography 4
  Japanese Preparations 5
Plans and Preparations 19
  High-Level Planning 19
  Operational Planning 23
  Scheme of Maneuver 26
  Intelligence 27
  Logistics and Administration 31
  Training and Rehearsal 35
  Mounting Out 37
  Movement to the Objective 39
  Preliminary Bombardment 39
    Air Activities 39
  Naval Activities 40
  Pre-H-Hour Bombardment 49
D-Day--19 February 1945 51
  Mount Suribachi Isolated 54
  26th and 13th Marines Land 58
  Narrow Beachhead 60
  14th Marines Land 64
  Darkness D-Day 65
HOTROCKS (D+1--D+4) 69
  To the Base of the Volcano 69
  Scaling the Heights 76
Into the Main Defenses (D+1--D+5) 79
  D+1--20 February 79
  D+2--21 February 84
  D+3--22 February 87
  D+4--23 February 92
  D+5--24 February 94
Through the Center (D+6--D+19) 99
  Hills PETER and 199 OBOE (D+6--D+8) 100
  Motoyama Village and Beyond (D+9--D+14) 104
  Progress Behind the Lines 111
  Resuming the Offensive (D+15) 116
  Predawn Attack (7 March) 118
  To the Sea (D+17-19) 120
5th Division on the Left (D+6--D+19) 123
  The Sweep to Hill 362A 124
  D+8 125
  D+9 128
  D+10 131
  D+11 134
  Nishi Ridge and Hill 362B 138
  D+12 138
  D+13 141
  The 15th Day 142
  Of Guns and Men 143
  D+15 143
  D+16 144
  D+17 145
  Launching the Final Drive 146
  D+18-19 146
4th Division on the Right (D+6--D+19) 149
  The Meat Grinder 150
  D+6 150
  D+7 153
  D+8-9 155
  D+10 160
  D+11 163
  D+12 165
  D+13 166
  Stalemate 168
  D+14 168
  D+15 169
  D+16 170
  D+17 172
  Counterattack 172
  Turning Point 174
  D+18 174
  D+19 175
The Final Phase 178
  Cushman's Pocket (D+20--D+25) 178
  The 4th's Last Pocket (D+20--D+25) 182
  To Kitano Point (D+20--D+25) 185
  Battle for the Rorge (D+26--D+34) 189
  Last Days 190
Recapitulation 194
  Medical Aspects 194
  Supply 195
  Engineers 200
  Naval Gunfire 201
  Air Support 204
  Artillery 206
  Supporting Arms Coordination 207
  Communications 209
  Conclusion 210
Appendices 211
I. Bibliography 211
II. Chronology 215
III. Casualties 218
IV. Command and Staff List 222
V. Task Organizations 228
VI. Japanese Order of Battle 230
VII. Task Force Organization and Command Relationship 232
VIII. Medal of Honor Winners 235
IX. Navy Unit Commendation 242
Maps 211
1. Japanese Defense Sectors 10
2. Naval Gunfire Areas of Responsibility, D-3 and D-2 43
3. Naval Gunfire Areas of Responsibility, D-1 46
4. VAC Front Lines D-Day, 19 February 1945 66
  (Maps I-XXI are located inside the back cover)  
I. Strategic Situation, February 1945  
II. Iwo Jima (Sulphur Island)  
III. Landing Plan  
IV. Progress of the Attack, VAC Front Lines D-Day--D+5  
V. 3d Mar Div Zone of Action Progress Lines, 25-27 Feb  
VI. 3d Mar Div Zone of Action Progress Lines, 28 Feb-1 Mar  
VII. 3d Mar Div Zone of Action Progress Lines, 1-3 Mar  
VIII. 3d Mar Div Zone of Action Progress Lines, 7-10 Mar  
IX. 5th Mar Div Zone of Action Progress Lines, 24-28 Feb  
X. 5th Mar Div Zone of Action Progress Lines, 28 Feb-2 Mar  
XI. 5th Mar Div Zone of Action Progress Lines, 2-8 Mar  
XII. 5th Mar Div Zone of Action Progress Lines, 8-10 Mar  
XIII. 4th Mar Div Zone of Action Progress Lines, 24-28 Feb  
XIV. 4th Mar Div Zone of Action Progress Lines, 1-4 Mar  
XV. 4th Mar Div Zone of Action Progress Lines, 5-7 Mar  
XVI. 4th Mar Div Zone of Action Progress Lines, 8-10 Mar  
XVII. 3d Mar Div Zone of Action Progress Lines, 11-16 Mar  
XVIII. 4th Mar Div Zone of Action Progress Lines, 11-15 Mar  
XIX. 5th Mar Div Zone of Action Progress Lines, 12-24 Mar  
XX. Progress of the Attack, VAC Iwo Jima  
XXI. Table of Distances from Iwo Jima  
Index 244


Transcribed and formatted by Patrick Clancey, HyperWar Foundation